# 22000 — data_exception

> Source-backed reference for PostgreSQL SQLSTATE 22000.
---

# 22000

## At a glance {#at-a-glance}

22000 is `data_exception`. The fixed `array_append` path accepts an empty or one-dimensional array argument and reports the dimensionality requirement otherwise; other Data Exception paths belong to their own subsystem.

<!-- BEGIN SQLSTATE FACTS: generated by scripts/generate.py; do not edit -->

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| SQLSTATE | `22000` |
| Condition | `data_exception` |
| Status | `active` |
| Known present by | `7.4` |
| Locked snapshots | `9.0.23, 9.1.24, 9.2.24, 9.3.25, 9.4.26, 9.5.25, 9.6.24, 10.23, 11.22, 12.22, 13.23, 14.24, 15.19, 16.15, 17.11, 18.6, 19beta3` |
| Macros | `ERRCODE_DATA_EXCEPTION` |
| Aliases | `—` |

<!-- source facts: data/errcodes/22000.json -->
<!-- END SQLSTATE FACTS -->

## Meaning {#meaning}

22000 is `data_exception`. The fixed `array_append` path accepts an empty or one-dimensional array argument and reports the dimensionality requirement otherwise; other Data Exception paths belong to their own subsystem.

## Messages {#messages}

The confirmed guard raises `ERROR` with primary message `argument must be empty or one-dimensional array`. This fixed path has no separate DETAIL or HINT. The page is source-only; no natural runtime observation is claimed.

## Diagnosis {#diagnosis}

Check the complete message, the `array_append` call, and the argument type before changing data. The confirmed path rejects an array argument that is neither empty nor one-dimensional.

## Response {#response}

Correct the array shape or use a function contract that accepts the intended dimensions. This is an `ERROR`: in an explicit transaction, roll back the whole transaction or roll back to a savepoint established before the call before continuing. Re-run only after validating the argument; do not treat every Data Exception as the same repair. No runtime case was run for this page.

## Versions {#versions}

The locked catalogue records this condition from 7.4 in the listed formal snapshots and 19beta3; fixed source coverage is PostgreSQL 18.6.

## Related {#related}

[`22001`](../22001/), [`22003`](../22003/), [`22004`](../22004/)

## Sources {#sources}

See the fixed source links and scope limits in the structured [evidence record](../data/evidence/22000.json).