# Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification

> Members and evidence boundaries for PostgreSQL SQLSTATE class 28.
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# Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification

## Shared meaning {#meaning}

The first two characters `28` identify `Invalid Authorization Specification`. The authorization specification is invalid or rejected. A class gives a directory-level family; each member still needs its own message, transaction aftermath, and response evidence.

## Members {#members}

The locked catalogue contains 2 members in this class:

[`28000`](../../28000/), [`28P01`](../../28p01/)

## Version boundary {#versions}

Member links lead to their own versioned facts; consult the version pages and source evidence for exact presence and change boundaries.

## Sources {#sources}

Members are generated from `data/classes.json` and the locked SQLSTATE directory.